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<Text-field style="_cstyle1" layout="_pstyle1">Komplekse tal</Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle2" layout="_pstyle2">Preben Alsholm, 30/8 2005</Text-field>
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<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle4" layout="_pstyle4">Generelt om komplekse tal</Text-field></Title>
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<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Maple regner med komplekse tal. Faktisk er den sommetider gladere for komplekse tal end vi andre. Den imagin\303\246re enhed betegnes med symbolet </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">I</Font><Font style="_cstyle6"> </Font><Font style="_cstyle3">(NB: Stort I). </Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Vil vi udregne udtrykket </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">  i Maple, beh\303\270ver vi blot skrive det op:</Font></Text-field>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">(3+5*I)^4/(4-7*I);</Text-field>
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<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Den foretagne udregning var faktisk det man kalder en </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">automatisk simplifikation</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">: Den kan ikke forhindres med forhalende apostroffer:</Font></Text-field>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">'(3+5*I)^4/(4-7*I)';</Text-field>
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<Group labelreference="L7" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">I n\303\246ste udtryk forhaler vi evalueringen af </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> ved hj\303\246lp af apostroffer:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L8" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">A:=(2+2*I)*'exp(I*Pi/6)';</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L9" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">A;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L10" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">For at komme videre kan enten bruges </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">expand</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> eller </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">evalc</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">. Proceduren </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">evalc</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> fors\303\270ger at skrive det komplekse udtryk p\303\245 rektangul\303\246r form, alts\303\245 p\303\245 formen x+iy, hvor </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">x</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> og </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">y</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> er reelle. Bem\303\246rk forskellen p\303\245 de to resultaters form:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalc(A); expand(A);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L11" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Real- og imagin\303\246rdel f\303\245s ved brug af </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">Re</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> og </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">Im</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L12" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">Re(5+37*I);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L13" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">Im(5+37*I);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L14" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">Re( a+I*b), Im( a+I*b); </Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L15" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Der skete ikke meget her til sidst. Maple antager generelt ikke, at variable er reelle. Det g\303\270r dog proceduren </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">evalc</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L16" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalc(Re( a+I*b)), evalc(Im( a+I*b)); </Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L17" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Det samme resultat opn\303\245s ved eksplicit at antage, at </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">a</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> og </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">b</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> er reelle:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L18" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">Re( a+I*b) assuming a::real,b::real;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L19" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L20" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Modulus og argument f\303\245s ved brug af henholdsvis </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">abs</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> og </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">argument</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">, men kan ogs\303\245 f\303\245s ved </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">polar</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L21" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">abs(-3+3*I), argument(-3+3*I);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L22" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3">Hen til kommoden:</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L23" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">polar(-3+3*I);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L24" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3">og tilbaws igen</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L25" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalc(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L26" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalc(polar(2,Pi/3));</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L27" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle5">polar</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> kan alts\303\245 bruges p\303\245 to m\303\245der:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L28" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">polar(z);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L29" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">polar(r,v);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L30" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalc(polar(r,v));</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L31" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Vi ser, at polar(r,v); returnerer uevalueret, men med </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">evalc</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> omskrives til rektangul\303\246r form.</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L32" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L33" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Med </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiYUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JJm1mcmFjR0YkNigtRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjFGJy9GNlEnbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1GLzYlUSJuRidGMkY1LyUubGluZXRoaWNrbmVzc0dRIjFGJy8lK2Rlbm9tYWxpZ25HUSdjZW50ZXJGJy8lKW51bWFsaWduR0ZNLyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUxc3VwZXJzY3JpcHRzaGlmdEdRIjBGJw==</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3"> mener Maple en bestemt af de </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">n</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> r\303\270dder:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L34" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">(-1)^(1/4)=evalc( (-1)^(1/4) );</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L35" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Med </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiYUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JJm1mcmFjR0YkNigtRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjFGJy9GNlEnbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1GPjYkUSI0RidGQS8lLmxpbmV0aGlja25lc3NHUSIxRicvJStkZW5vbWFsaWduR1EnY2VudGVyRicvJSludW1hbGlnbkdGTS8lKWJldmVsbGVkR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lMXN1cGVyc2NyaXB0c2hpZnRHUSIwRic=</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3"> menes i Maple den rod i den binome ligning </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">, der har det numerisk mindste hovedargument. Er der 2 s\303\245danne, v\303\246lges den rod, der ligger i \303\270vre halvplan. Anderledes sagt: For </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiYUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JJm1mcmFjR0YkNigtRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjFGJy9GNlEnbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1GLzYlUSJuRidGMkY1LyUubGluZXRoaWNrbmVzc0dRIjFGJy8lK2Rlbm9tYWxpZ25HUSdjZW50ZXJGJy8lKW51bWFsaWduR0ZNLyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUxc3VwZXJzY3JpcHRzaGlmdEdRIjBGJw==</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> v\303\246lges den principale n'te rod af  </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">a,</Font><Font style="_cstyle3"> dvs. den rod, hvis hovedargument er  </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkmbWZyYWNHRiQ2KC1GIzYjLUkjbW5HRiQ2JFEiMUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1GIzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEibkYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnL0Y1USdpdGFsaWNGJy8lLmxpbmV0aGlja25lc3NHUSIxRicvJStkZW5vbWFsaWduR1EnY2VudGVyRicvJSludW1hbGlnbkdGRy8lKWJldmVsbGVkR1EmZmFsc2VGJw==</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3">  af hovedargumentet for </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">a</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">.  </Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Dette g\303\246lder ogs\303\245 for kvadratroden. I eksemplet nedenfor bruges forhalende apostroffer af pr\303\246sentationsm\303\246ssige grunde, idet </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3"> af Maple bliver evalueret til 2 + I uden vores indsats:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">(Lighedstegnene i det f\303\270lgende er kun til udstillingsbrug)</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L36" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">'sqrt(3+4*I)'=sqrt(3+4*I); </Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L37" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Anderledes ligger det med </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> . Her m\303\245 vi tvinge Maple til at angive resultatet p\303\245 rektangul\303\246r form vha. </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">evalc</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L38" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">sqrt(3+5*I)=evalc( sqrt(3+5*I));</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L39" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3">Den principale tredierod af -1:</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L40" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">(-I)^(1/3)=evalc( (-I)^(1/3)); </Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L41" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3">Den principale kvadratrod af 1 - I:</Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L42" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">(1-I)^(1/2)=evalc( (1-I)^(1/2)); </Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L43" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3">Kommandoen </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">surd(z,n)</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> giver d\303\251n n'te rod, hvis hovedargument er t\303\246ttest p\303\245 hovedargumentet for </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">z</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> . Sammenlign f\303\270lgende to kommandoer:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"> </Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L44" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">simplify( (-16)^(1/4) ); 
</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L45" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalc(surd( -16, 4));</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L46" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3">Vil man have den tredierod af et negativt reelt tal, der selv er et negativt reelt tal, skal man bruge <Font bold="true">surd</Font>:</Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L47" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">surd(-8,3);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L48" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">plot(surd(x,3), x=-8..8);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L49" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Bem\303\246rk outputtet fra f\303\270lgende input, der egentlig blot er 4 komplekse versioner af tallet 2: </Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L50" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">2+0.*I,2-0.*I,2.+0*I,2+0*I;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L51" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi ser, at de f\303\270rste 2 tal ikke automatisk simplificeres til decimaltallet 2., mens de to sidste simplificeres til henholdsvis decimaltallet 2. og det hele tal 2. </Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Output af form som de to f\303\270rste m\303\270der man undertiden fra forskellige af Maples procedurer. Man kan da \303\270nske at fjerne den imagin\303\246re del, som jo er nul. Hertil kan bruges </Font><Font style="_cstyle5">simplify</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">. Som eksempel lader vi variablen </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">tal</Font><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8"> v\303\246re en liste best\303\245ende af tre komplekse tal:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L52" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">tal:=[2+.0*I,3+I,-5-0.*I];</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L53" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">simplify(tal);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle4" layout="_pstyle4">3.-gradspolynomier</Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L54" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">restart;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L55" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi beder Maple v\303\246lge et tilf\303\246ldigt 3.-gradspolynomium med heltallige koefficienter mellem -9 og 9:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L56" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pol:=randpoly(x,coeffs=rand(-9..9),degree=3);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L57" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi finder r\303\270dderne:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L58" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(pol=0,x);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L59" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi finder en decimalbr\303\270kstiln\303\246rmelse til r\303\270dderne:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L60" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalf(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle4" layout="_pstyle4">4.-gradspolynomier</Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L61" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">restart;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L62" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi beder Maple v\303\246lge et tilf\303\246ldigt 4.-gradspolynomium med heltallige koefficienter mellem -9 og 9:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L63" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pol:=randpoly(x,coeffs=rand(-9..9),degree=4);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L64" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi finder r\303\270dderne:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L65" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(pol=0,x);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L66" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi fik ikke en eksplicit repr\303\246sentation for r\303\270dderne, men alligevel kan vi finde en decimalbr\303\270kstiln\303\246rmelse til dem:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L67" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalf(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L68" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vil vi have en eksplicit repr\303\246sentation kan vi tvinge Maple hertil:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L69" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">_EnvExplicit:=true:</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L70" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(pol=0,x);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle4" layout="_pstyle4">5.-gradspolynomier</Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L71" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">restart;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L72" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi beder Maple v\303\246lge et tilf\303\246ldigt 5.-gradspolynomium med heltallige koefficienter mellem -9 og 9:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L73" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pol:=randpoly(x,coeffs=rand(-9..9),degree=5);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L74" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi finder r\303\270dderne:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L75" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(pol=0,x);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L76" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi fik ikke en eksplicit repr\303\246sentation for r\303\270dderne, men alligevel kan vi finde en decimalbr\303\270kstiln\303\246rmelse til dem:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L77" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalf(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L78" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vil vi have en eksplicit repr\303\246sentation kan vi pr\303\270ve at tvinge Maple hertil:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L79" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">_EnvExplicit:=true:</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L80" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(pol=0,x);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L81" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">For femte grad og derover er det en undtagelse, at en eksplicit repr\303\246sentation er mulig! Hvis det lykkedes med det tilf\303\246ldigt valgte polynomium, s\303\245 pr\303\270v igen (fra og med definitionen af </Font><Font style="_cstyle6">pol</Font><Font style="_cstyle3">, men uden restart).</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L82" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle4" layout="_pstyle4"><Font encoding="UTF-8">R\303\270dder givne. Find polynomiet!</Font></Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L83" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">r:=rand(-5..5):</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L84" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">rd:=seq(r()+I*r(),k=1..5);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L85" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">mul((z-rd[k]),k=1..5);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L86" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">polC:=expand(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L87" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(polC=0,z);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L88" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">mul((z-rd[k])*(z-conjugate(rd[k])),k=1..5);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L89" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">polR:=expand(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L90" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">solve(polR=0,z);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L91" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle2" layout="_pstyle4"><Font style="_cstyle4">Binom ligning </Font><Equation executable="false" style="_cstyle4" input-equation="" display="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">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</Equation></Text-field></Title>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle8" layout="_pstyle6">Eksempel 1</Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L92" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">restart;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L93" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">ligning1:=z^4=-8+8*I*sqrt(3);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L94" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">r:=solve(ligning1,z);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L95" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi beder Maple om en pol\303\246r form for hver af r\303\270dderne:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L96" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">map(polar,[r]);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L97" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">with(plots):</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L98" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi afbilder r\303\270dderne i den komplekse plan sammen med den cirkel p\303\245 hvilken de ligger:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L99" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pr:=complexplot([r],style=point,symbolsize=20):</Text-field>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pc:=complexplot(2*exp(I*t),t=0..2*Pi,color=blue):</Text-field>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">display(pc,pr);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle8" layout="_pstyle6">Eksempel 2</Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L100" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">ligning2:=z^5=1/32;</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L101" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">r:=solve(ligning2,z);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L102" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi beder Maple om en pol\303\246r form for alle r\303\270dderne:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L103" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">map(polar,[r]);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L104" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">simplify(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L105" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalf(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L106" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Den f\303\270lgende kommando ops\303\270ger de operander i det ovenst\303\245ende udtryk, som er af typen </Font><Font italic="true">float</Font><Font encoding="UTF-8">, dvs. decimalbr\303\270k. P\303\245 disse bruges s\303\245 proceduren </Font><Font bold="true">identify</Font><Font encoding="UTF-8">, der fors\303\270ger at genkende det eksakte udtryk, som decimalbr\303\270ken er en tiln\303\246rmelse til: </Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L107" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="Maple Input" layout="Normal">subsindets(%,float,identify);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L108" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="Text" layout="Normal">Vi fik overraskende en enkelt uudregnet arccos. Men vinklen er <Equation executable="false" style="2D Math" input-equation="">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</Equation>, som det ses:</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L109" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">evalf(4*Pi/5);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L110" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="Maple Input" layout="Normal">identify(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L111" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi afbilder r\303\270dderne i den komplekse plan sammen med den cirkel p\303\245 hvilken de ligger:</Font></Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L112" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pr:=complexplot([r],style=point,symbolsize=20):</Text-field>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">pc:=complexplot(1/2*exp(I*t),t=0..2*Pi,color=blue):</Text-field>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">display(pc,pr);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
</Section>
</Section>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle4" layout="_pstyle4">Eulers formler</Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L113" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">cos(x)=convert(cos(x),exp);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L114" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">combine(%);</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Group labelreference="L115" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">sin(x)=combine(convert(sin(x),exp));</Text-field>
</Input>
</Group>
<Section collapsed="true" MultipleChoiceAnswerIndex="-1" MultipleChoiceRandomizeChoices="false" TrueFalseAnswerIndex="-1" EssayAnswerRows="5" EssayAnswerColumns="60"><Title>
<Text-field style="_cstyle8" layout="_pstyle6"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Eksempel p\303\245 brugen af Eulers formler</Font></Text-field></Title>
<Group labelreference="L116" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Maple kan udm\303\246rket selv udregne integralet </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="" display="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">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3">, som vi ser:</Font></Text-field>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">Int(sin(x)^4,x=0..Pi): %=value(%);</Text-field>
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<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Vi pr\303\270ver imidlertid at udregne integralet ved hj\303\246lp af Eulers formler:</Font></Text-field>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"></Text-field>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">convert(sin(x),exp)^4;</Text-field>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">expand(%);</Text-field>
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<Group labelreference="L121" drawlabel="true">
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">combine(%);</Text-field>
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<Group labelreference="L122" drawlabel="true">
<Input>
<Text-field style="ParagraphStyle1" layout="_pstyle3"><Font style="_cstyle3" encoding="UTF-8">Vi har alts\303\245 fundet, at </Font><Equation executable="false" style="2D Comment" input-equation="">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</Equation><Font style="_cstyle3"> er lig med</Font></Text-field>
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<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">convert(%,trig);</Text-field>
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<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3">Vi kan let finde en stamfunktion hertil:</Text-field>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">Int(%,x): %=value(%);</Text-field>
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<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">Ud fra stamfunktionen findes det bestemte integral ved inds\303\246tning af \303\270vre og nedre gr\303\246nse:</Font></Text-field>
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<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5">eval(rhs(%),x=Pi)-eval(rhs(%),x=0);</Text-field>
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<Input>
<Text-field style="_cstyle3" layout="_pstyle3"><Font encoding="UTF-8">i sk\303\270nneste overensstemmelse med det Maple fandt p\303\245 egen h\303\245nd!</Font></Text-field>
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</Section>
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
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<Group labelreference="L130" drawlabel="true">
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<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
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<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
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<Input>
<Text-field prompt="&gt; " style="_cstyle7" layout="_pstyle5"></Text-field>
</Input>
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